There's no gold in 'Fool's Gold', a mineral called Iron Pyrite (FeS2) that looks like gold. Similarly, there's no apple in this Apple Fool although its...
I’ll caveat this with I’ve never drunk Green Chartreuse so I don’t know how the drink should have tasted. Used Jagermeister. The colour was a little more oxidised apple than your picture, but we were very happy with the taste. Fresh and fruity, but not in a sweet way. I’d drink one again.
I don't have any Green Chartreuse. I've looked up substitutes and of the suggestions I have Sambuca, Absinthe and Jagermeister. Which would be best in this?
Sorry to say but I don't think any of your three alternatives will work. That said, give each a go - starting with the Jagermeister - and see what you end up with.